Giving a second thought to brisement force - a case report.

Fractures of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) may be caused by indirect trauma where force of trauma is transmitted to the mandibular condyle from a blow elsewhere or in other situations may also result from direct trauma. TMJ trauma in children is usually accompanied with pain, swelling, limited jaw movement and other additional findings. This report highlights a case of post traumatic trismus successfully managed with Brisement force - gradual tractional forces applied to the temporomandibular joint.

Comparison of six different methods of cleaning and preparing occlusal fissure surface before placement of pit and fissure sealant: an in vitro study.

AIM & OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the microleakage of pit and fissure sealants after using six different preparation techniques: (a) brush, (b) pumice slurry application, (c) bur, (d) air polishing, (e) air abrasion, and (f) longer etching time. MATERIAL & METHOD: The study was conducted on 60 caries-free first premolars extracted for orthodontic purpose. These teeth were randomly assigned to six groups of 10 teeth each. Teeth were prepared using one of six occlusal surface treatments prior to placement of Clinpro" 3M ESPE light-cured sealant. The teeth were thermocycled for 500 cycles and stored in 0.9% normal saline. Teeth were sealed apically and coated with nail varnish 1 mm from the margin and stained in 1% methylene blue for 24 hours. Each tooth was divided buccolingually parallel to the long axis of the tooth, yielding two sections per tooth for analysis. The surfaces were scored from 0 to 2 for the extent of microleakage. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Results obtained for microleakage were analyzed by using t-tests at sectional level and chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the group level. RESULTS: The results of round bur group were significantly superior when compared to all other groups. The application of air polishing and air abrasion showed better results than pumice slurry, bristle brush, and longer etching time. Round bur group was the most successful cleaning and preparing technique. Air polishing and air abrasion produced significantly less microleakage than traditional pumice slurry, bristle brush, and longer etching time.

K-file vs ProFiles in cleaning capacity and instrumentation time in primary molar root canals: an in vitro study.

OBJECTIVES: This study compares the efficiency of manual K-files and rotary ProFiles in cleaning capacity and instrumentation time in primary molar root canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-five maxillary and mandibular primary molar root canals were instrumented with ProFiles and K-files in the step-back manner from size #10 to #40. The teeth were decalcified, dehydrated and cleared, and analyzed for the presence of dye remaining on the root canal walls, which served as an evidence of cleaning capacity of both the techniques. RESULTS: The results showed a significant difference in the cleaning capacity of the root canals with ProFiles and K-files, in apical and coronal thirds of the root canal. ProFiles have been found to be more efficient in cleaning the coronal thirds and K-files in cleaning apical thirds of the root canals. Both the techniques were almost equally effective in cleaning the middle thirds of the canals. The time taken during the cleaning of the root canals appeared to be statistically shorter with K-files than profiles.

Relative position of the mandibular foramen in different age groups of children: a radiographic study.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the relative position of the mandibular foramen (MF) and to evaluate the measurement of gonial angle (GoA) and its relationship with distances between different mandibular borders in growing children between 3 and 13 years of dental age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The radiographs were traced to arrive at six linear and two angular measurements from which the relative position of the MF was assessed and compared in different age groups to determine the growth pattern of the mandible and changes in the location of the MF. RESULTS: The distances between the MF and the anterior plane of the ramus were greater than that between MF and posterior plane of the ramus through all stages. There was a maximum increase in the vertical dimensions of the mandible compared with the horizontal dimensions, particularly in the late mixed dentition period. CONCLUSION: The mandible and its growth did not alter the position of the MF, both vertically and horizontally, in relation to different landmarks, and more obtuse GoA indicated an increased growth potential of the mandible. This has major implications in the inferior alveolar nerve block technique when used in children.

Permanent maxillary first molar with single root and single canal: a case report of a rare morphology.

Unusual root canal morphology in multirooted teeth is a constant challenge for diagnosis and successful endodontic treatment. Presence of extra canals, lateral canals, deltas is commonly encountered but the possibility of existence of fewer number of roots and canals also exists. This clinical report presents a maxillary first molar with an unusual morphology of single root with single canal. This report also highlights the role of spiral computerized tomography as a method to confirm the three-dimensional anatomy of teeth.

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a unique approach to esthetic and prosthetic management: a case report.

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a rare congenital disease that affects several ectodermal structures. The condition is usually transmitted as an x-linked recessive trait, in which gene is carried by the females and manifested in males. Manifestations of the disease differ in severity and involve teeth, skin, hair, nails and sweat and sebaceous gland. Ectodermal dysplasia is usually a difficult condition to manage. Prosthodontically, because of the typical oral deficiencies, and afflicted individuals are quite young to receive extensive prosthodontic treatment, which restores their appearance and helps them, for the development of positive self-image. This case report describes the management of upper jaw with over denture with copings on existing teeth i.e. two permanent peg shaped centrals as well as lateral incisors. However with adequate of retainer lower denture was provided with a new treatment modality.

Evaluation of relative concentration of bacteria in 1% acid red 52- stainable and non-stainable dentin.

Modern management of caries stresses on non-invasive techniques wherever possible with maximum protection of sound tooth structure. Various dyes provide a highly contrasting visual clue by staining only infected dentin, thus clearly demarcating it from the affected normal dentin. Utilizing this property of preferential staining of the "Caries Detector" the current study was carried out to evaluate the relative concentration of bacteria in 1% Acid Red 52-stainable and non-stainable dentin. Sample of ten carious permanent molars or premolars in individual patient's mouth and carious teeth extracted due to periodontal diseases were examined for the two parts of the clinical study. Each clinical aspect was later subjected to laboratory procedure. Cariously infected dentin delineated by the solution, "Caries Detector" (1% Acid Red 52 solution in propylene glycol) contained six times more CFU/ml than dentin that did not take up dye.